Solids, Liquids & Gases
under construction
The various syllabus statements cover very different quantities of material. I'm sorry there aren't any pictures yet. You need to read this page in conjunction with block 5 of the syllabus specification. xxx represents a page number in England, (3rd edition).
| 1 |
use the following units : degrees Celsius ( °C), kelvin (K), joule (J), kilogram (kg), kilogram/metre 3 (kg/m 3), metre (m), metre 2 (m 2 ), metre3 (m3), metre/second (m/s), metre/second2 (m/s2 ), newton (N), pascal (Pa)2-9, 120-131 |
| 2 |
recall and use the relationship between density, mass and volume density = mass / volumeρ = m /V 2-3 |
| 3 | describe how to determine density using direct measurements of mass and volume. |
| 4 |
recall and use the relationship between pressure, force and area: pressure = force /areap = F /A6-7 |
| 5 |
understand that the pressure at a point in a gas or liquid which is at rest acts equally in all directions. |
| 6 |
recall and use the relationship for pressure difference: pressure difference = height × density × g p = h× ρ × g8-9 |
| 7 |
understand that a substance can change state from solid to liquid by the process of melting. 124-125 |
| 8 |
understand that a substance can change state from liquid to gas by the process of evaporation or boiling. 126-127 |
| 9 |
recall that particles in a
liquid have a random motion within a close-packed structure. 124-125 |
| 10 |
recall that particles in a solid vibrate about fixed positions within a close-packed regular structure. 124-125 |
| 11 |
understand the significance
of Brownian motion. 122-123 |
| 12 |
recall that molecules in a gas have a random motion and that they exert a force and hence a pressure on the walls of the container. 122-123 |
| 13 |
understand that there
is an absolute zero of temperature which is -273
°C 130-131 |
| 14 |
describe the kelvin scale of temperature and be able to convert between the kelvin and Celsius scales. 130-131 |
| 15 |
understand that an increase in temperature results in an increase in the speed of gas molecules. 125 |
| 16 |
understand that the kelvin temperature of the gas is proportional to the average kinetic energy of its molecules. 124-125 |
| 17 |
describe the qualitative relationship between pressure and kelvin temperature for a gas in a sealed container. 130-131 |
| 18 |
use the relationship between the pressure and kelvin temperature of a fixed mass of gas at constant volume: p1/T1 = p2/T2 130-131 |
| 19 |
use the relationship between pressure and volume of a fixed mass of gas at constant temperature p 1V1 = p2V2130-131 |